The trot is a natural, two-beat gait, separated by a brief moment of suspension.
The footfall sequence is left fore and right hind, then right fore and left hind, thus the horse moves in diagonal pairs. This gives the gait its characteristic rhythm, elevation, and elasticity. A correct trot shows regularity, energy, and suppleness. The horse moves forward with even, active steps, swinging through the back and accepting a soft, steady contact. True impulsion comes from engaged hindquarters, not speed.
There are five types of trot recognized in international dressage:
- Working: Natural and active, showing balance and forward intent.
- Lengthening of Steps: A preparatory form of extension with longer but still controlled strides. This is a variation between the working and medium trot in which a horse’s training is not developed enough for medium trot.
- Collected: Shorter, more elevated steps with increased engagement and lightness of the forehand.
- Medium: A balanced stride between collection and extension, showing elasticity and reach.
- Extended: The longest possible stride, maintaining rhythm, power, and straightness.
Each form reflects a different level of collection and engagement, developed progressively through correct training. The trot develops balance, strength, and rhythm while revealing the horse’s suppleness and straightness. When ridden correctly, it embodies the essence of classical dressage – energy contained in balance and harmony.