Glossary MNOP

The medium trot is a two-beat diagonal gait with a moment of suspension. Showing a clear increase in ground cover and expression while maintaining rhythm, balance, and lightness.

The medium trot represents the natural progression between the working and the extended trot. The horse moves energetically forward with longer strides than in the working trot, yet without losing cadence or relaxation. The hind legs show greater thrust and engagement, and the forelegs reach forward with elasticity and freedom from the shoulder. The contact remains steady and light, and the frame lengthens slightly while staying uphill and balanced.

According to FEI standards, the medium trot demonstrates moderate lengthening of steps combined with maintained collection and impulsion. It reflects the horse’s ability to lengthen within balance, not speed. This gait shows a medium level of collection, developing strength, elasticity, and trust in the aids.

The medium walk is a clear, regular, and unconstrained four-beat gait of moderate lengthening.

The horse walks forward actively yet relaxed, with the hind feet stepping into or just beyond the hoofprints of the forefeet. It remains on the bit, accepting a soft, steady contact that allows natural movement of the head and neck. The rhythm must stay pure, and the back should swing freely, showing suppleness and relaxation throughout.

This gait forms the bridge between the free walk and the collected walk. It represents a medium level of collection, where balance and engagement increase without loss of freedom or energy. Correctly ridden, the medium walk develops strength, coordination, and trust between horse and rider. It reflects the horse’s honest training and mental relaxation—essential qualities in all classical and modern dressage work.

The pastern lies between the fetlock and the hoof and forms a crucial link in the horse’s limb.

It consists of the long pastern bone (proximal phalanx) and the short pastern bone (middle phalanx), which together create the pastern joint. This joint acts as an important shock absorber, allowing the leg to flex and extend smoothly with each stride. The angle and length of the pastern strongly influence movement, comfort, and long-term soundness.

Common problems include ringbone, fractures, and pastern dermatitis. Because this region bears high mechanical stress, injuries often lead to lameness and require long recovery periods.